Native plants within the trial landform rehabilitation program at Ranger Mine

Closure

Through safe and responsible asset closure, we are working to deliver shared benefits for host communities, employees and investors; positive ESG outcomes; and innovative solutions that minimise long-term liabilities.

We do this in partnership with our stakeholders, embedding closure considerations throughout the lifespan of our assets – in the way we design, build, run, close and transition them.

As temporary stewards of the land where we operate, we partner with our stakeholders to develop a shared vision for the future of the lands and host communities. Balancing environmental, financial and social considerations, we look for opportunities associated with progressive closure, remediation and repurposing, and, where appropriate, long-term monitoring and maintenance.

A start-up to support habitat restoration

Restoring legacy and former mine sites is a complex, industry-wide challenge – one that we need to get right.

We are partnering with RESOLVE, a non-profit organisation, to launch Regeneration, a start-up that will use the re-mining and processing of waste from legacy mine sites to support rehabilitation activities and restore natural environments.

Regeneration will extract valuable minerals and metals from mine tailings, waste rock and water. Earnings from the sale of these responsibly-sourced materials will be reinvested to help fund habitat restoration and closure activities, including at legacy and previously abandoned mine sites. Regeneration will also seek to create and trade biodiversity and carbon credits through the rehabilitation of land and the generation of environmental offsets.

We will invest $2 million in Regeneration and will work with the team to identify potential opportunities for the first Regeneration project.

Partnering with RESOLVE
  • Argyle Diamond Mine
  • Gove refinery and residue disposal areas
  • Ranger uranium mine
  • Legacy assets

Argyle diamond mine

We’re rehabilitating the Argyle diamond mine on the traditional lands of the Miriwoong and Gija People in Western Australia. We have made significant progress on reprofiling the former processing plant area and waste rock dumps, as well as capping the tailings storage facility. We have reached over 60% overall project completion, and plans are underway to start removing the Argyle mine accommodation facilities, airport and utilities infrastructure in 2025. We are continuing to review our contracting strategy to increase work awarded to Traditional Owner businesses and increased our spend to A$44.9 million in 2024 (2023: A$37 million). We’re rehabilitating the Argyle diamond mine on the traditional lands of the Miriwoong and Gija People in Western Australia. We have made significant progress on reprofiling the former processing plant area and waste rock dumps, as well as capping the tailings storage facility. We have reached over 60% overall project completion, and plans are underway to start removing the Argyle mine accommodation facilities, airport and utilities infrastructure in 2025. We are continuing to review our contracting strategy to increase work awarded to Traditional Owner businesses and increased our spend to A$44.9 million in 2024 (2023: A$37 million). 

Gove refinery and residue disposal areas

In 2024, we reached the halfway mark for the demolition works at the Gove alumina refinery in the Northern Territory, which is Australia’s largest demolition project. We have removed the refinery’s liquor purification units and other structures, processing around 63,000 tonnes of scrap steel for recycling. The majority of the rehabilitation of the former tailings dam, Pond 5, is complete, with the opening of 3 spillways to allow appropriate drainage from the newly capped surface. We continue to work closely with Gumatj and Rirratjingu Traditional Owners, and the Northern Territory Government, to plan for a future beyond mining. In 2024, we spent A$85.5 million with Traditional Owner businesses (2023: A$94 million).  

Ranger uranium mine

In April 2024, we entered into a Management Services Agreement (MSA) with Energy Resources of Australia (ERA) to manage the Ranger Rehabilitation Project with oversight from the ERA board. The MSA builds on ERA’s existing rehabilitation work and allows us to directly share our technical expertise in designing, scoping and executing closure projects, including stakeholder and delivery partner relationships.  

In November 2024, ERA concluded its entitlement offer and shortfall bookbuild, which raised A$766.5 million (before costs) to fund planned rehabilitation activities of the Ranger Project Area until approximately the third quarter of 2027. As a result of Rio Tinto taking up its pro rata entitlements in the entitlement offer and the level of participation by other ERA shareholders, we hold approximately 98.43% of ERA’s shares. As previously stated, we intend to move forward with compulsory acquisition of all remaining ERA shares we do not currently own.  

Since commencing management of the Ranger Rehabilitation Project in July 2024, we have progressed work in Pit 3, preparing the area for capping using amphirollers to dry the area and starting the geotextile laying.  

We remain committed to the successful rehabilitation of the Ranger Project Area to a standard that will establish an environment similar to the adjacent Kakadu National Park, a World Heritage site. We continue to work with all key stakeholders, including the Mirarr People to complete this important rehabilitation project.  

Legacy assets

We manage over 90 legacy assets in 9 countries and 35 tailings storage facilities.  

In France we opened an eco-park in partnership with the French Ministry of ecological transition at Le Thoronet, a former bauxite mine. The park features hiking trails and diverse habitat areas to support local wildlife.  

We completed relinquishments at Lochacker Schreiber, a former landfill in Switzerland returning the land to local government for future use, long-term management and monitoring.   

At Kelian, a former gold mine in Indonesia we have entered into a post-mining agreement with the province of East Kalimantan, under the supervision of the Ministry of Environment and Forestry to support the long-term management of the site. We have completed the restoration of the environment in the protected forest, which contains a rhinoceros sanctuary.  

  • wave

Tailings management

Responsible tailings management is critical to the safety of our people and communities and to protect the environment.
  • wave

Sustainability reporting

We have a responsibility to extract the full value from the minerals and materials we produce in the safest and most sustainable way possible.
Becka is a subject matter expert on all things Closure. She helps us navigate all the challenges we face at a site when mining stops, so we can deliver the best possible outcomes for the environments we work in, and our host communities.

What are legacy sites?

We manage a number of historic sites – known as legacy sites – some we did not operate but acquired through corporate acquisitions after they were closed. Where required, we rehabilitate these sites and, where and when we can, transfer them to local authorities or third parties for future land use.

Two Sumatran rhinos

Turning an old gold mine into a rhino sanctuary

In 2017, our historic gold mine in Indonesia, Kelian, was assessed by the government and the World Wildlife Fund as an ideal location for the highly endangered Sumatran rhino. Part of the site has now been designated a Protection Forest and will be used as a sanctuary for housing and breeding rhino, with the aim of eventually releasing them into the wild.
More

Our Kelian team rehabilitated the 6,670-hectare gold mine site, including remediating waste dumps and building dams to protect ground and surface water from mine tailings, and converting areas that lay beneath the processing plant into a wetland.


It’s hoped the sanctuary could provide the lifeline that Kalimantan’s remaining Sumatran rhinos need to begin their recovery – and is just one example of the contribution that thoughtful closure of former mine sites can make.

  • wave

Leadership in sustainable mine closure

A new program aims to get everyone thinking about the end from day one

Related content

Chris and his family in outback Australia

Communities

We know our operations can have far-reaching impacts on society
Woman weaving colourful threads, Peru

Cultural heritage

Cultural heritage is the collective social embodiment of a community, often inherited through tradition or with some historical association.
Workers from Biologic and Rio Tinto conducting environmental survey at Angelo River

Land

We aim to thoughtfully steward the land on which we operate